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[32], On July 17, 2013, the 17th anniversary of the tragedy, the Epix premium TV channel aired the documentary TWA Flight 800, directed by Kristina Borjesson, which alleges that the crash investigation was a cover-up. Le 17 juillet 1996, le Boeing 747 effectuant le vol TWA 800 explose en plein vol au large de Long Island 12 min après son décollage de New York JFK.L'avion de la Trans World Airlines, à destination de Rome Fiumicino, via Paris Charles-de-Gaulle, transportait 230 personnes (2 pilotes, 2 mécaniciens navigants, 14 hôtesses et stewards et 212 passagers) dont aucune ne survécut à l'accident. Ultimately, the NTSB was unable to determine the exact source of explosive residues found on the wreckage. The TWA Flight 800 International Memorial and Gardens is in Shirley, New York. [15][16] NTSB Vice chairman Bob Francis was quoted as saying "He was an idiot, he didn't know what he was talking about, and he was totally irresponsible. [27], Scarry has since written about Swissair Flight 111 and EgyptAir Flight 990 crashes in connection with electromagnetic radiation. On December 5, 1997, federal prosecutors charged Sanders, his wife Elizabeth, and Stacey with theft of government property. - A Seattle-bound flight made an emergency landing in Sacramento, Calif., after a passenger died on the plane, according to local media reports. Among the FBI’s witnesses were 258 people who claimed to have seen a streak of light approaching the airplane just before the crash. [citation needed], Although raising an interesting possibility, other scientists dismissed this theory due to the extremely low probability of a bolide's intersecting the aircraft's flight path at precisely the required moment. [14], Salinger's previous position as White House Press Secretary, as well as longtime correspondent for ABC News, initially gave credence to his statements, transforming them from "internet conspiracies" into the mainstream. [9] In 1997 Sanders' published the book The Downing of TWA Flight 800, in which he proposed that TWA 800 had been downed by a missile, and that a government cover-up had taken place so as to not panic the public. In 2013, a documentary alleging that the investigation into the crash was a cover-up made news headlines with statements from six members of the original investigation team, now retired, who also filed a petition to reopen the probe. [3]:3 There was intense public interest in these witness reports and much speculation that the reported streak of light was from a missile that had struck TWA 800, causing the airplane to explode. [14] However, under scrutiny, his allegations, and the reports issued with his collaborators, became the subject of much criticism in the media. [31], Much of the report dealt with Donaldson's assertions of a conspired cover-up by the FBI and NTSB, in co-operation with the Justice Department. Loudoun County’s source for breaking news, weather & traffic. According to investigators, these witnesses actually saw a stream of burning fuel leaking from the crippled craft. Marvin Scott reports on the TWA tragedy. [3]:262 Consequently, the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) initiated a parallel criminal investigation alongside the NTSB's accident investigation. If the zoom climb never happened then they've got to find out what the eyewitnesses saw and the only logical conclusion there is that they saw a missile. In this report the IAMAW disputed the NTSB's sequencing study, and proposed a breakup sequence that started on the lower left side of the airplane, when a high-pressure event "unzipped" the fuselage. [20] In a further ruling on October 4, 2006, the court finalized the list of documents that the NTSB and CIA must provide to Lahr (again granting some, but not all, of his FOIA requests). The ill-fated flight 800 was a scheduled overnight flight from New York City to Paris of a Boeing 747-131 airliner, registration number N93119. aviation disaster, off the coast of Long Island, New York, United States [1996]. "The damage to the CWT seems to start at the center and work its way forward along a discernible path. [3]:118 These samples were submitted to the FBI's laboratory in Washington, D.C., which determined that one sample contained traces of cyclotrimethylenetrinitramine (RDX), another nitroglycerin, and the third a combination of RDX and pentaerythritol tetranitrate (PETN);[3]:118 these findings received much media attention at the time. "[31] Eyewitness, debris field, metallurgical, and victim injury evidence were all cited by Donaldson as proof of the missile-attack scenario. Airport, New York to Leonardo da Vinci Airport, Rome when the plane crashed after takeoff ; he died in the crash [12] In 1999, James Sanders authored a second book, Altered Evidence. More than 95 percent of the aircraft was recovered as well. A U.S. government inquiry determined that a mixture of fuel and air had ignited accidentally within a fuel tank, but some independent investigators maintained that the flight had fallen victim to a missile. TWA flight 800, flight of a Trans World Airlines (TWA) jumbo jet airliner that broke up over the Atlantic Ocean and went down about 8 miles (13 km) off the coast of Long Island, near East Moriches, New York, on the evening of July 17, 1996. Meanwhile, divers worked for more than 10 months, in water about 120 feet (37 metres) deep, until remains of all 230 victims—212 passengers and 18 crew—had been recovered. [2], TWA 800, a Boeing 747-131, was a scheduled international passenger flight from New York City, New York to Rome, Italy, with a stopover in Paris, France. [3]:65 Recovered wreckage was transported by boat to shore and then by truck to leased hangar space at the former Grumman Aircraft facility in Calverton, New York, for storage, examination, and reconstruction.[3]:63. "[14], Another proponent of the U.S. Navy shootdown theory and prominent critic of the zoom climb scenario was H. Ray Lahr, a retired United Airlines pilot. Corrections? Trans World Airlines Flight 800 (TWA 800) was a Boeing 747-100 that exploded and crashed into the Atlantic Ocean near East Moriches, New York, on July 17, 1996, at about 8:31 p.m. EDT, 12 minutes after takeoff from John F. Kennedy International Airport on a scheduled international passenger flight to Rome, with a stopover in Paris. As wreckage was recovered, preliminary testing indicated the presence of explosive residue on three samples of material from three separate locations of the recovered airplane wreckage (described by the FBI as a piece of canvas-like material and two pieces of a floor panel). [23], On April 9, 1998, Elaine Scarry's article in The New York Review of Books, titled "The Fall of TWA 800: He died in 2001; the ARAP Web site is still active. He stated he had proof that TWA 800 was shot down by friendly fire, and the incident was being covered up by the government. [30] The IAMAW wrote that "a major event may have occurred on the left side of the aircraft. [31], Donaldson received support and funding from the advocacy group Accuracy in Media,[31] which promoted his views. The centre portion of the Boeing 747 fuselage from the reconstructed wreckage of TWA flight 800, in a hangar in Calverton, New York, 1997. Some of the possibilities considered were contamination from the aircraft's use in 1991 transporting troops during the Gulf War or its possible use in a dog-training explosive detection exercise about one month before the accident;[3]:258–259 however, the lack of any other corroborating evidence associated with a high-energy explosion led the NTSB to conclude that "the in-flight breakup of TWA flight 800 was not initiated by a bomb or missile strike". The Effect of Redactions on Conspiracy Theory Beliefs", "U.S. investigators will not reopen TWA Flight 800 crash probe", "Salinger's Accusations About TWA Flight 800 Resurface in New Documentary", "New Documentary Fails To Prove That TWA Flight 800 Was Hit By A Missile", "NTSB Denies Petition on 1996 Crash of TWA Flight 800", "Skeptoid #99: Reassembling TWA Flight 800", Mass murder of German POWs after World War II (1940s), Allegations of CIA assistance to Osama bin Laden, Free energy suppression conspiracy theory, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=TWA_Flight_800_conspiracy_theories&oldid=1009562175, Conspiracy theories involving aviation incidents, Aviation accident investigations with disputed causes, Articles with dead external links from July 2017, Articles with permanently dead external links, Wikipedia articles needing factual verification from December 2020, Wikipedia articles needing factual verification from May 2019, Articles with unsourced statements from September 2016, Articles that may contain original research from September 2007, All articles that may contain original research, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 1 March 2021, at 05:50. The film highlights extensive eyewitness interviews, with many interviewees directly objecting to publicly described versions of their own descriptions of events. At about 20:31 EDT, on July 17, 1996, about 12 minutes after takeoff from John F. Kennedy International Airport (JFK), TWA 800 exploded and then crashed into the Atlantic Ocean near East Moriches, New York. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). [27] Scarry focused on a U.S. Navy P-3 Orion close to TWA 800 as being a possible source of electromagnetic interference and cause of the CWT explosion on TWA 800. By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. [3]:62 In one of the largest diver-assisted salvage operations ever conducted,[6] over 95 percent of the airplane wreckage was eventually recovered. Omissions? Updates? [24] Later that year, The New York Review of Books published a series of letters between Scarry and NTSB Chairman James Hall discussing the possibility of HIRF being causal to the accident, and what steps the NTSB was taking in its investigation to determine if it was a factor. "[30], William S. Donaldson, a retired Naval officer, formed the Associated Retired Aviation Professionals (ARAP) to investigate the TWA 800 crash. Pierre Salinger claimed that the U.S. Navy shot down TWA flight 800, thereby popularizing one of the conspiracy theories regarding the flight. Traces of explosives were found in the cabin, but it was suggested that they were residue from an explosive detection training exercise that had recently been staged on the airplane. TWA Flight 800 conspiracy theories are alternative explanations of the cause of the crash Trans World Airlines Flight 800 (TWA 800) in 1996. [31] Donaldson acknowledged James Sanders' theory of an accidental shoot-down, and did not rule out U.S. Navy involvement; however, he viewed circumstantial evidence of a terrorist attack "more compelling". In an investigation of possible criminal activity, the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) interviewed 736 people who claimed to have seen or heard the crash from the ground, from watercraft, or from other aircraft. Flight 800 is a seminal moment in aviation safety history,” the safety board’s managing director, Sharon W. Bryson, said in a statement. [3]:1 Of the 230 passengers and crew on board, no survivors were found, making TWA 800 the second-deadliest aircraft accident in the United States at that time. [33][34][35][36][37], International Association of Machinists and Aerospace Workers, Learn how and when to remove this template message, Korean Air Lines Flight 007 (September 1983) alternative theories, "Conspiracy Theories: Public Arguments as Coded Social Critiques: a Rhetorical Analysis of the Twa Flight 800 Conspiracy Theories", "TWA Flight 800 documentary hints at crash cover-up", "Aircraft Accident Report: In-flight Breakup Over the Atlantic Ocean Trans World Airlines Flight 800", "ASN Aircraft accident Boeing 747-131 N93119 East Moriches, NY", "Aircraft Accident Report: In-flight Breakup Over the Atlantic Ocean Trans World Airlines Flight 800 (Appendices)", "NTSB Board Meeting on TWA 800 August 22, 2000, Morning Session", "Source: Traces of 2nd explosive found in TWA debris", Flight Safety Foundation: The Laura Taber Barbour Air Safety Award, "TWA Flight 800: The Impossible Zoom Climb", International Association of Machinists and Aerospace Workers: Analysis and Recommendations Regarding T.W.A. Later, with the information provided by Sanders, the Riverside Press-Enterprise published a series of articles alleging that the substance was consistent with unexpended rocket fuel from a missile that struck TWA 800. Skeptics stated their cases in the documentary feature film TWA Flight 800 (2013). "[30] They concluded that "The causes and circumstances that contributed directly to the accident are unknown. By Claire Colbert, CNN (CNN) -- The reconstructed wreckage of Trans World Airlines Flight 800, which exploded minutes after taking off from … Flight 800, "Classified or Coverup? CNN quickly found Salinger's document to be "a widely accessible e-mail letter that has been circulating for at least six weeks on the Internet's World Wide Web. They dubbed it "The TWA 800 Project". Flight TWA 800 . In it, Donaldson stated that TWA 800 was struck by two missiles, fired from the water, most likely as a terrorist attack, and subsequently the FBI and NTSB conspired to cover up this fact due to political pressure. Other data appear to fit the hypothesis; the sequence of multiple sonic booms heard by witnesses onshore could be explained by the explosion and subsequent scattering of the heavier bolide remnants; the estimated 200 holes in the fuselage (cited in FBI report) could be indicative of metal cut by objects traveling at extremely high speed. [7][8] While investigators from the FBI viewed these positive tests as strong indications of a criminal act, the NTSB was more cautious, noting the lack of any patterns on the recovered wreckage characteristic of an explosion. Conspiracy theories claim that the crash was due to a U.S. Navy missile test gone awry, a terrorist missile strike, or an on-board bomb. Because the event took place close to the shoreline of heavily populated Long Island, there were many witnesses. [28][29], As an invited party to the NTSB investigation, the International Association of Machinists and Aerospace Workers (IAMAW) submitted a report into the public docket. Assistant Editor, Encyclopaedia Britannica. [11] The Sanders' defense attorney Bruce Maffeo described the prosecution as "extremely vindictive" and insisted that the couple had a First Amendment right to take the sample and crash-related documents to expose a cover-up. Mr. Otis Lamar Allen (d. 1996), from Mariette, Georgia, USA, American passenger flying aboard flight TWA 800 with his son Ashton Allen from J.F.K. [6], Pieces of the airplane wreckage were discovered floating on and beneath the surface of the Atlantic Ocean about eight miles south of East Moriches, New York. [31] Donaldson believed that the Clinton Administration wanted to hide the actual cause of the crash for political reasons, specifically the upcoming presidential elections. [4], While investigators from the NTSB arrived on scene the following day,[5]:313 many witnesses to the accident had seen a "streak of light" that was usually described as ascending,[3]:230 moving to a point where a large fireball appeared. The vapor in the fuel tank could have ignited due to the searing heat produced by the bolide's high velocity. [1] The NTSB found that the probable cause of the crash of TWA Flight 800 was an explosion of flammable fuel/air vapors in a fuel tank, most likely from a short circuit. “The investigation of the crash of T.W.A. "[30], The IAMAW criticized the accuracy of the "Tag database" used to document the recovered wreckage and the reliability of the witness statements.

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